Kazakh (Қазақша)

travel phpto to inspire Kazakh language study
A ski resort in Almaty. Photo by Kalabaha1969 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0

ALPHABET MATCHING GAME VOCABULARY FLASHCARDS

Kazakh, the official language of Kazakhstan, is a unique and fascinating language belonging to the Turkic language family. One of the most interesting aspects of Kazakh is its rich vowel harmony and agglutinative structure, which involves adding various suffixes to a base word to alter its meaning and grammatical function. This feature allows for a high degree of flexibility and expressiveness in the language. Kazakh's phonetic system includes several sounds that are not found in many other languages, adding to its distinctiveness. The language's script has also undergone significant changes, transitioning from Arabic to Latin, then to Cyrillic, and now back to Latin, reflecting the region's complex historical and political influences.

Kazakh is spoken by over 10 million people, primarily in Kazakhstan, but also by Kazakh communities in neighboring countries such as China, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. There are also Kazakh diaspora communities in countries like Turkey and Germany. The language serves as a crucial element of national identity and cultural heritage for the Kazakh people, who have a rich tradition of oral literature, including epic poetry and folk tales. Learning Kazakh provides deep insights into the history, traditions, and nomadic culture of the Kazakh people, fostering greater appreciation and understanding of Central Asia's diverse linguistic and cultural landscape.

Why Learn Kazakh?

You can communicate in Kazakh. Four out of five new jobs in the US are created as a result of foreign trade. Acquiring a second language can improve your skills and grades in math and English. Learning about another culture enables you to gain a more profound understanding of your own culture.

Learning Kazakh offers numerous benefits across cultural, professional, and personal domains. Here are some key advantages:

  • Cultural Understanding
    • Cultural Enrichment: Kazakh provides direct access to the rich cultural heritage of Kazakhstan, including its music, poetry, folklore, and traditions. Understanding the language allows for a deeper appreciation of Kazakh customs, festivals, and the nomadic lifestyle that has shaped the nation's history.
    • Historical Insight: Learning Kazakh offers insights into the history and traditions of the Kazakh people, who have a long and fascinating history that includes significant contributions to the cultural and political landscape of Central Asia.
  • Professional Opportunities
    • Business and Trade: Kazakhstan is a key player in Central Asia with a growing economy, particularly in industries like energy, mining, and agriculture. Proficiency in Kazakh can enhance business opportunities and facilitate trade relations within Kazakh-speaking regions and communities.
    • International Relations: For professionals working in international organizations, NGOs, or diplomacy, knowledge of Kazakh can be valuable for engaging with local governments, communities, and understanding regional dynamics.
  • Personal Growth
    • Cognitive Benefits: Learning a new language improves cognitive functions, enhances memory, and boosts problem-solving skills. Kazakh, with its agglutinative structure and vowel harmony, provides a stimulating mental exercise.
    • Language Diversity: Adding Kazakh to your linguistic repertoire enhances your understanding of the Turkic language family and provides insights into the linguistic diversity of Central Asia.
  • Social and Community Engagement
    • Connection with Locals: Speaking Kazakh enables deeper connections with native speakers, fostering a sense of community and mutual respect. This is particularly valuable for anyone living in or frequently visiting Kazakhstan.
    • Cultural Exchange: Knowledge of Kazakh facilitates cultural exchange and dialogue, promoting greater understanding and appreciation between different cultural groups.
  • Travel and Living Abroad
    • Travel: Learning Kazakh makes traveling in Kazakhstan and other Kazakh-speaking regions more enjoyable and immersive, allowing for more meaningful interactions with locals and a deeper appreciation of their culture and landscapes.
    • Living in Kazakhstan: For expatriates or those planning to live in Kazakhstan, speaking Kazakh facilitates daily life, integration, and participation in local community activities.
  • Networking and Social Opportunities
    • Networking: Knowing Kazakh can expand your professional and social network, connecting you with Kazakh-speaking communities and professionals worldwide.
    • Diaspora Connections: Kazakh is spoken by expatriates and their descendants in countries like Turkey, Germany, and Russia, providing opportunities to connect with Kazakh-speaking communities abroad.
  • Educational Advantages
    • Academic Opportunities: Understanding Kazakh can open doors to academic opportunities, scholarships, and research collaborations, particularly in fields related to Central Asian studies, anthropology, and linguistics.
  • Access to Media and Entertainment
    • Media Consumption: Understanding Kazakh allows you to enjoy a wide range of Kazakh-language media, including films, TV shows, music, and literature, providing a broader perspective on global and regional issues.

Overall, learning Kazakh enriches personal and professional life while contributing to the appreciation and understanding of Kazakhstan's unique cultural and historical context.

How Long Does it Take to Learn Kazakh?

The time it takes to learn Kazakh can vary widely depending on several factors, such as prior language experience, the amount of time dedicated to study, and the learning methods employed. Here are some general guidelines to give you an idea of the time investment required:

  • Factors Influencing Learning Time
    • Prior Language Experience: Familiarity with other Turkic languages, such as Turkish or Uzbek, can significantly reduce the learning time due to structural similarities and shared vocabulary.
    • Learning Intensity: Intensive study, including immersion in a Kazakh-speaking environment or intensive language courses, can accelerate learning.
    • Learning Methods: A combination of formal classes, self-study, language exchange, and regular practice with native speakers tends to be most effective.
    • Language Aptitude: Individual aptitude for learning languages can greatly influence the duration of the learning process.
  • General Time Estimates
    • Basic Proficiency: Achieving basic conversational skills typically takes around 6-12 months with consistent study (approximately 5-10 hours per week). This includes being able to handle everyday conversations and basic reading and writing tasks.
    • Intermediate Proficiency: Reaching an intermediate level, where you can hold more complex conversations, understand a broader range of topics, and read and write more confidently, might take 1-2 years of dedicated study.
    • Advanced Proficiency: Attaining advanced proficiency, which includes the ability to read and write complex texts, understand nuanced speech, and engage in professional or academic discussions, could take 2-3 years or more, depending on the intensity and consistency of study and practice.
  • Structured Learning Programs
    • Formal Language Courses: Universities and language institutes may offer structured programs that can range from a few months to several years, often including opportunities for immersion and cultural experiences.
    • Self-Study Programs: Online courses, textbooks, language learning apps, and other resources can provide flexible but less structured learning paths.
  • Immersion and Practice
    • Living in a Kazakh-Speaking Environment: Immersion in a Kazakh-speaking environment, such as living in Kazakhstan or within a Kazakh-speaking community, can significantly accelerate the learning process.
    • Language Exchange: Regular practice with native speakers through language exchange programs or conversation partners enhances language acquisition and retention.

The journey to learning Kazakh is unique for each individual. While basic conversational skills can be achieved within several months, reaching higher levels of proficiency requires sustained effort and practice over several years. The key to success lies in consistent study, immersion, and regular practice with native speakers.

Kazakh Alphabet & Pronunciation

А а
(a)
[ɑ]
Ә ә
(ä)
[æ]
Б б
(b)
[b]
В в
(v)
[v]
Г г
(g)
[g]
Ғ ғ
(ğ)
[ʁ]
Д д
(d)
[d]
Е е
(e)
[jɪ]
Ё ё
(yo)
[jo]
Ж ж
(j)
[ʑ]
З з
(z)
[z]
И и
(ï)
[ɪj]
Й й
(y)
[j]
К к
(k)
[k]
Қ қ
(q)
[q]
Л л
(l)
[l]
М м
(m)
[m]
Н н
(n)
[n]
Ң ң
(ñ)
[ŋ]
О о
(o)
[wʊ]
Ө ө
(ö)
[wʏ]
П п
(p)
[p]
Р р
(r)
[r]
С с
(s)
[s]
Т т
(t)
[t]
У у
(w)
[w]
Ұ ұ
(u)
[ʊ]
Ү ү
(ü)
[ʏ]
Ф ф
(f)
[f]
Х х
(x)
[χ]
Һ һ
(h)
[h]
Ц ц
(c)
[ts]
Ч ч
(ç)
[tɕ]
Ш ш
(ş)
[ɕ]
Щ щ
(şş)
[ɕtɕ]
Ъ ъ
(ʺ)
[-]
Ы ы
(ı)
[ə]
І і
(i)
[ɪ]
Ь ь
(ʹ)
[-]
Э э
(é)
[ɛ]
Ю ю
(yw)
[jʉw]
Я я
(ya)
[jɑ]

Basic Phrases in Kazakh

HelloОн екі (On eki)
GoodbyeСәлеметсіз бе (Sälemetsiz be)
YesСау болыңыз (Saw bolıñız)
Noиә (ïä)
Excuse meжоқ (joq)
PleaseКешіріңіз (Keşiriñiz)
Thank youөтінемін (ötinemin)
You are welcomeертең (erteñ)
Do you speak englishоқасы жоқ (oqası joq)
Do you understandСен ағылшынша сөйлейсің бе? (Sen ağılşınşa söyleysiñ be?)
I understandСен түсінесің бе? (Sen tüsinesiñ be?)
I do not understandМен түссіндім (Men tüssindim)
How are youмен түсінбедім (men tüsinbedim)
Fine thanksҚалайсыз? (Qalaysız?)
What is your nameЖақсы рақмет! (Jaqsı raqmet!)
My name isСенің атың кім? (Seniñ atıñ kim?)
Pleased to meet youМенің атым (Meniñ atım)

Kazakh Grammar

Kazakh Nouns

Manадам (adam)
Womanәйел (äyel)
Boyбала (bala)
Girlқыз (qız)
Catқыз (qız)
Dogмысық (mısıq)
Fishит (ït)
Waterбалық (balıq)
Milkсу (sw)
Eggсүт (süt)
Houseжұмыртқа (jumırtqa)
Flowerүй (üy)
Treeгүл (gül)
Shirtағаш (ağaş)
Pantsкөйлек (köylek)

Kazakh Adjectives

Colors in Kazakh

Blackшалбар (şalbar)
Whiteқара (qara)
Redақ (aq)
Orangeқызыл (qızıl)
Yellowапельсин (apelsïn)
Greenсары (sarı)
Blueжасыл (jasıl)
Purpleкөк (kök)
Pinkкүлгін (külgin)
Grayқызғылт (qızğılt)
Brownсұр (sur)

Numbers in Kazakh

Zeroқоңыр (qoñır)
Oneнөлге тең (nölge teñ)
TwoБір (Bir)
ThreeЕкі (Eki)
FourҮшеу (Üşew)
FiveТөрт (Tört)
SixБес (Bes)
SevenАлты (Altı)
EightЖеті (Jeti)
NineСегіз (Segiz)
TenТоғыз (Toğız)
Elevenон (on)
TwelveОн бір (On bir)
TwentyРақмет сізге (Raqmet sizge)
Thirtyжиырма (jïırma)
Fortyотыз (otız)
FiftyҚырық (Qırıq)
SixtyЕлу (Elw)
Seventyалпыс (alpıs)
Eightyжетпіс (jetpis)
Ninetyсексен (seksen)
Hundredтоқсан (toqsan)
Thousandжүз (jüz)

Kazakh Verbs

To beСізбен танысқаныма қуаныштымын (Sizben tanısqanıma qwanıştımın)
To haveболу (bolw)
To wantболуы (bolwı)
To needқалау (qalaw)
To helpқажет ету (qajet etw)
To goкөмектесу (kömektesw)
To comeбару (barw)
To eatкелу (kelw)
To drinkжеу (jew)
To speakішу (işw)

Building Simple Sentences

More Complex Kazakh Sentences

Andсөйлеу (söylew)
Orжәне (jäne)
Butнемесе (nemese)
Becauseбірақ (biraq)
Withөйткені (öytkeni)
Alsoбірге (birge)
Howeverсондай-ақ (sonday-aq)
Neitherдегенмен (degenmen)
Norекеуі де (ekewi de)
Ifжәне де (jäne de)
Thenегер (eger)

Useful Kazakh Vocabulary

Kazakh Questions

Whoсодан кейін (sodan keyin)
Whatкім (kim)
Whenне (ne)
Whereқашан (qaşan)
Whyқайда (qayda)
Howнеге (nege)
How manyҚалай (Qalay)
How muchқанша (qanşa)

Days of the Week in Kazakh

Mondayмың (mıñ)
TuesdayДүйсенбі (Düysenbi)
Wednesdayсейсенбі (seysenbi)
ThursdayСәрсенбі (Särsenbi)
FridayБейсенбі (Beysenbi)
SaturdayЖұма (Juma)
Sundayсенбі (senbi)
Yesterdayкүз (küz)
Todayкеше (keşe)
Tomorrowбүгін (bügin)

Months in Kazakh

JanuaryЖексенбі (Jeksenbi)
FebruaryҚаңтар (Qañtar)
Marchақпан (aqpan)
AprilНаурыз (Nawrız)
MayСәуір (Säwir)
JuneМамыр (Mamır)
JulyМаусым (Mawsım)
AugustШілде (Şilde)
SeptemberТамыз (Tamız)
OctoberҚыркүйек (Qırküyek)
NovemberҚазан (Qazan)
DecemberҚараша (Qaraşa)

Seasons in Kazakh

WinterЖелтоқсан (Jeltoqsan)
Springқыс (qıs)
Summerкөктем (köktem)
Autumnжаз (jaz)

Telling Time in Kazakh

What time is itқанша (qanşa)
HoursУақыт қанша? (Waqıt qanşa?)
Minutesсағат (sağat)
Secondsминут (mïnwt)
O clockсекунд (sekwnd)
Halfсағат (sağat)
Quarter pastжартысы (jartısı)
Beforeширек өткен (şïrek ötken)
Afterдейін (deyin)