ALPHABET MATCHING GAME VOCABULARY FLASHCARDS
Why learn Mongolian?
International travel is made easier and more pleasant when you know Mongolian. Understanding Mongolian enhances your opportunities in government, business, medicine, law, technology, military, industry, marketing, etc. Communication skills developed while learning Mongolian can improve your interpersonal skills in your native langauge as well. Mongolian expand one's world view and limit the barriers between people: barriers cause distrust and fear.
Mongolian is spoken by nearly 3.6 million people in Mongolia and by roughly half of the country's 5.8 million ethnic Mongols across China. It is the official national language of Mongolia, and the best-known member of the Mongolic language family.How Long Does it Take to Learn Mongolian?
Mongolian is rated as a category 3 language by the Foreign Service Institute. It is considered moderately difficult for English speakers to learn and takes an average of 44 weeks (or 1100 class hours) to gain professional working proficiency.
Mongolian Alphabet & Pronunciation
In Mongolia, the Khalkha dialect is written in Cyrillic. In Inner Mongolia, the language is dialectally more diverse and is written in the traditional Mongolian script known as the Hudum Mongol bichig. Derived from the Old Uyghur alphabet, Mongolian is a true alphabet, with separate letters for consonants and vowels. It is traditionally written in vertical lines right across the page.
(а)
А а
(b)
Б б
(w)
В в
(g)
Г г
(d)
Д д
(e)
Е е
(ë)
Ё ё
(ž)
Ж ж
(z)
З з
(i)
И и
(j)
Й й
(k)
К к
(g)
К к
(l)
Л л
(m)
М м
(n)
Н н
(o)
О о
(ô)
Ө ө
(p)
П п
(r)
Р р
(s)
С с
(t)
Т т
(u)
У у
(ü)
Ү ү
(f)
Ф ф
(kh)
Х х
(ts)
Ц ц
(ch)
Ч ч
(sh)
Ш ш
(shch)
Щ щ
(i)
Ъ ъ
(y)
Ы ы
(i)
Ь ь
(e)
Э э
(yu)
Ю ю
(ya)
Я я
Basic Phrases in Mongolian
| Hello | Сайн уу (Sain uu) |
|---|---|
| Goodbye | Баяртай (Bayartai) |
| Yes | тийм шүү (tiim shüü) |
| No | үгүй шүү (ügüi shüü) |
| Excuse me | Уучлаарай (Uuchlaarai) |
| Please | гуйя (guiya) |
| Thank you | баярлалаа (bayarlalaa) |
| You are welcome | зүгээр дээ (zügeer dee) |
| Do you speak english | Та англиар ярьдаг уу? (Ta angliar yaridag uu?) |
| Do you understand | Чи ойлгож байна уу? (Chi oilgoj baina uu?) |
| I understand | Би ойлгож байна (Bi oilgoj baina) |
| I do not understand | би ойлгохгүй байна (bi oilgokhgüi baina) |
| How are you | Юу байна? (Yuu baina?) |
| Fine thanks | Зүгээрээ баярлалаа! (Zügeeree bayarlalaa!) |
| What is your name | Таны нэр хэн бэ? (Tany ner khen be?) |
| My name is | Миний нэр (Minii ner) |
| Pleased to meet you | Тантай уулзахдаа таатай байна (Tantai uulzakhdaa taatai baina) |
Mongolian Grammar
Mongolian Nouns
| Man | эр хүн (er khün) |
|---|---|
| Woman | эмэгтэй хүн (emegtei khün) |
| Boy | хүү (khüü) |
| Girl | охин (okhin) |
| Cat | муур (muur) |
| Dog | нохой (nokhoi) |
| Fish | загас (zagas) |
| Water | ус (us) |
| Milk | сүү (süü) |
| Egg | өндөг (öndög) |
| House | байшин (baishin) |
| Flower | цэцэг (tsetseg) |
| Tree | мод (mod) |
| Shirt | цамц (tsamts) |
| Pants | өмд (ömd) |
Mongolian Adjectives
Colors in Mongolian
| Black | хар (khar) |
|---|---|
| White | цагаан (tsagaan) |
| Red | улаан (ulaan) |
| Orange | жүрж (jürj) |
| Yellow | шар (shar) |
| Green | ногоон (nogoon) |
| Blue | хөх (khökh) |
| Purple | нил ягаан (nil yagaan) |
| Pink | ягаан (yagaan) |
| Gray | саарал (saaral) |
| Brown | хүрэн (khüren) |
Numbers in Mongolian
| Zero | тэг (teg) |
|---|---|
| One | Нэг нь (Neg ni) |
| Two | Хоёр (Khoyor) |
| Three | Гурав (Gurav) |
| Four | Дөрөв (Döröv) |
| Five | Тав (Tav) |
| Six | Зургаа (Zurgaa) |
| Seven | Долоо (Doloo) |
| Eight | Найм (Naim) |
| Nine | Есөн (Yesön) |
| Ten | арав (arav) |
| Eleven | Арван нэг (Arvan neg) |
| Twelve | Арван хоёр (Arvan khoyor) |
| Twenty | хорин (khorin) |
| Thirty | гучин (guchin) |
| Forty | Дөчин (Döchin) |
| Fifty | тавин (tavin) |
| Sixty | жаран (jaran) |
| Seventy | далан (dalan) |
| Eighty | наян (nayan) |
| Ninety | ерэн (yeren) |
| Hundred | зуун (zuun) |
| Thousand | мянга (myanga) |
Mongolian Verbs
| To be | байх (baikh) |
|---|---|
| To have | байх (baikh) |
| To want | хүсэх (khüsekh) |
| To need | хэрэгтэй (kheregtei) |
| To help | туслах (tuslakh) |
| To go | явах (yavakh) |
| To come | ирэх (irekh) |
| To eat | идэх (idekh) |
| To drink | уух (uukh) |
| To speak | ярих (yarikh) |
Building Simple Sentences
More Complex Mongolian Sentences
| And | ба (ba) |
|---|---|
| Or | эсвэл (esvel) |
| But | гэхдээ (gekhdee) |
| Because | учир нь (uchir ni) |
| With | хамт (khamt) |
| Also | бас (bas) |
| However | гэхдээ (gekhdee) |
| Neither | аль нь ч биш (ali ni ch bish) |
| Nor | бас биш (bas bish) |
| If | хэрэв (kherev) |
| Then | дараа нь (daraa ni) |
Useful Mongolian Vocabulary
Mongolian Questions
| Who | хэн байна (khen baina) |
|---|---|
| What | юу вэ (yuu ve) |
| When | хэзээ (khezee) |
| Where | хаана (khaana) |
| Why | яагаад вэ (yaagaad ve) |
| How | Хэрхэн (Kherkhen) |
| How many | Хэдэн ширхэг вэ (Kheden shirkheg ve) |
| How much | хэр их (kher ikh) |
Days of the Week in Mongolian
| Monday | Даваа гариг (Davaa garig) |
|---|---|
| Tuesday | мягмар гараг (myagmar garag) |
| Wednesday | Лхагва гараг (Lkhagva garag) |
| Thursday | Пүрэв гараг (Pürev garag) |
| Friday | Баасан гараг (Baasan garag) |
| Saturday | бямба гараг (byamba garag) |
| Sunday | Ням гараг (Nyam garag) |
| Yesterday | өчигдөр (öchigdör) |
| Today | өнөөдөр (önöödör) |
| Tomorrow | маргааш (margaash) |
Months in Mongolian
| January | нэгдүгээр сар ( ) |
|---|---|
| February | хоердугаар сар (khoyerdugaar sar) |
| March | гуравдугаар сар (guravdugaar sar) |
| April | дөрөвдүгээр сар |
| May | тавдугаар сар (tavdugaar sar) |
| June | Зургадугаар сар (Zurgadugaar sar) |
| July | долдүгаар сар (doldügaar sar) |
| August | Наймдугаар сар (Naimdugaar sar) |
| September | есдүгээр сар (yesdügeer sar) |
| October | аравдүгаар сар (aravdügaar sar) |
| November | арван нэгдүгээр сар (arvan negdügeer sar) |
| December | Арванхоёрдугаар сар (Arvankhoyordugaar sar) |
Seasons in Mongolian
| Winter | өвөл (övöl) |
|---|---|
| Spring | хавар (khavar) |
| Summer | зун (zun) |
| Autumn | намар (namar) |
Telling Time in Mongolian
| What time is it | Цаг хэд болж байна? (Tsag khed bolj baina?) |
|---|---|
| Hours | цаг (tsag) |
| Minutes | минут (minut) |
| Seconds | секунд (syekund) |
| O clock | цаг (tsag) |
| Half | хагас (khagas) |
| Quarter past | улирал өнгөрсөн (uliral öngörsön) |
| Before | өмнө нь (ömnö ni) |
| After | дараа нь (daraa ni) |
